英文的動詞verb是句子的靈魂,動詞好,英文就準;「片語動詞」好,英文就活!
! V! B7 d+ \; R) Y; P& y( g7 {/ [+ m. T, m, W7 |) r! {" A0 }( m5 X! H
「片語動詞」,英文叫做phrasal verbs,像"go on"、"get up"、"come with"等都是。用中文邏輯講英文的人,多半不太會用片語用。因為人腦運作機制是在記憶資料庫裡直接找對應的單字。例如:想到「說服」,一定先想到"persuade",而不是"talk into"。想到「責駡」,是想到reprimand或"reproach"而非"tell off",想到「弄熄」,是"extinguish",不是"put out"。+ |7 l% `0 I& D; }
. b$ ~6 y+ f4 z' ]0 \
活用「片語動詞」,其實也沒有那麼難,入門只有一個原則:感覺它。 怎麼感覺呢?「片語動詞」怎麼用?簡單地說,它代表一種瞬間發生的動作(不是狀態):開燈(turn on)、關燈(turn off)、起飛(take off)、想起(think of).....都是「片語動詞」。
9 \& t$ r! H; u! ] t: i( }7 u9 w, b' U5 b- E
比較這兩句,就可以發現,動作和狀態有何不同:
9 G" t: s* B5 E0 Y5 n' l: ~, KHe shows the ability to adjust quickly to new situations. (show展現,是延續狀態)
3 {& D; O. f9 ~I hope he shows up soon.(show up出現,是瞬間動作)9 U+ ?9 b5 q* U$ y! g8 S: t
" g' u" q0 q, f; X
「片語動詞」當然不少,但請不要死背;切入「片語動詞」最好的方法是感覺它的節奏、聲音、動線:習慣它、說它、寫它、感覺它,最後才是分析它。! W8 O3 r, E, w5 V) ~& D4 | Y
( w+ r3 s; S# ]9 ~7 `$ z) m I
這十句是你的「片語動詞」啟蒙,唸到連作夢都會說出它為止吧! 1. We look forward to hearing from you soon. ( 我們期待很快聽到你的回覆。) 2. Please, carry on talking. I didn't mean to interrupt you.(請繼續談話,我不是故意打擾的) 3. I hope you two can work out your problems.(兩位好好解決你們的問題吧!) 4. She came up with a great proposal for the new advertising campaign. (她提出很棒的廣告計劃案) 5. Who is going to fill in while you're gone? (你請假時誰會是你的職務代理人?) 6. It's difficult to get humor across in a second language. (用第二語言還能幽默溝通,是件難事。) 7. I think we should go on with the meeting and stop wasting time. (我覺得我們應讓繼續開會,別再浪費時間) 8. We're sorry that we'll have to turn down your offer. (很抱歉我們必須拒絕貴方的報價) 9. Hurry up or you will fall behind! (快一點,否則要落後了。) 10. Would you mind running off 10 copies of this document for me? (你可不可以幫將這份文件影印10份?) + s( h1 U- A& k7 p" @. b
|